The lender says less restrictive construction rules could expand housing supply, as Nairobi residents raise concerns over pressure on infrastructure.
The World Bank has urged Kenya and other Sub-Saharan African countries to ease building height limits to increase housing supply. It says less restrictive rules could allow developers to build taller residential blocks in major cities.
The lender outlined the proposals in its Sub-Saharan Africa’s Urban Awakening Report, published on October 29. Its recommendations target restrictions on building heights and floor-area ratios, particularly in areas earmarked for development.
Why the World Bank wants building height limits eased
The World Bank argues that overly strict construction rules push cities such as Nairobi to expand outwards. Instead, it wants governments to allow more residential development on available urban land.
Under the proposal, private developers could build taller housing projects, especially in locations targeted for integrated urban development. The lender says this approach could increase overall housing supply and help more Kenyans live closer to work.
However, the recommendation does not call for governments to scrap existing building regulations altogether. If implemented, it could change how developers build apartments by easing restrictions that limit vertical residential development.
Nairobi zoning rules face infrastructure concerns
Meanwhile, concerns over high-rise development continue in Nairobi, where some residents cite congestion and pressure on roads. They also raise concerns about inadequate drainage and poor sewerage systems as residential buildings grow taller.
Kenya’s Physical and Land Use Planning (Building) Regulations, 2021 require developers to follow approved plans and zoning requirements before construction. In Nairobi, the 2026 Development Control Policy sets guidelines for land use, building heights, plot coverage and plot ratios.
The policy permits buildings of up to 75 floors in the Central Business District and parts of Upper Hill. It also sets a 20-floor maximum in Ngara, Eastleigh, Pangani, Valley Road, Milimani and areas along Thika Road.
However, some Nairobi residents have challenged the policy in court. The Supreme Court has yet to determine its legal effect.
